Regent s park



Uw l

N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER, WASHINGTON. D C:-

Jay 2o.

NPErERs. PMDTwLlTHnGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D. C.

@einen tates datent @time OHARLES JOHN HlLL, OF ltEGENTlS PARK, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH SHEPHERD WYON AND ALFRED BENJAMIN WYON.

Letters Patent No. 76,631, dated April 14, 1868; patented z'n England, Al ril 5, 1867.

"dlgs stichtte nicht it it tinte tttctt ntent rmt netting nrt ut tigt smite,

TO ilr'HOM 1T MAY CONOERN:

lie it known that 1, CHAI-:LES JOHN HILL, oi Regents Park, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Production of Reduced Copies of Medallions and Matrices, and for preparing the cutting-tools for that purpose; and l hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

This invention relates to a peculiar arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus for the production o? reduced copies of medallions and matrices, and to the cutters or cutting-tools employed in connection therewith; and in order that the said invention may he fully understood, I shall now proceed more particularly to describe the saine, and for that purpose shall refer to the several figures on the annexed sheets ol' drawings,

letters of reference indicating correspondingparts in all the corresponding gures.

'nre 1, on sheet 1, of my drawings, represents a side elevation ol my improved machine for the production et" reduced copies of medallions and matrices complete.4

.i igure 2, sheet 2, is a plan of the same.

`@ip/iure 3, sheet 3, represents an elevation of the left-hand end ot the machne,as seen in iig. 1; and

Figure 4, sheet 1, is n similar view of the opposite end of the machine.

The reet of the figures on the sheets of drawings represent various details hereinafter referred to, some of which are draw-n to an enlarged scale.

fr A. are the two standards of the machine, supporting a table, B, upon which rest and te which are attached the various portions of the machine, `to he hereinafter described. Along and upon about three-fourths of this tahle, E, there is placed what may he called the bed, O, so formed as to admit` ot' two V-grooved heads, D D', being attached thereto. The one, D', at the right hand et' the machine, is fixed, the other, D', when required, S caused to slide along the sold bed C, to the position required, hy aiscrew, E, connected with the same and. the bed, which screw extends along the frontof the` bed, and, when lused, is turned by a hand-wheel, F.

Figure 5, sheet 4, represents a detail sectional elevation, andFigure 6 is a corresponding plan, of the hxed head L". These heads each contain a vertical mandrel, one of which is shown at G', in iig. 5, to the tops ci' -which are screwed the horizontal circular revolving tables H H. 4To the table H, attached to the head, on the le. -hand end of the machine, there is fitted a receiver or chuck, I, for Vcontaining the die or material to he operated upon, and to the Yother table there is attached an adjustable chuck or holder, I', for containing the enlarged pattern to be traced from.

.Ln 'the centre of the pattern-table, at the right-hand ond of the machine, there is a raised pillar, K, the centre of the tp ot which coincides with the centre ofthe corresponding mandrel. nient is to admit of' the proper adjustment ot` the mandrel supporting the worl; to the point of the cutter. To about. the middle of each oi' the said mnndrels there is attached a wo1mwheel,L L', shown dotted in tig. 2, and against these wornbwheels a screw, M, which extends the whole length of the hed, is made te` press, hy' the agency of spiral springs N, 'fixed in eases at the back of the screw, which direction towards or from the worm-wheels L L'. Wo1u1-wheels,to turn the tables at various spec after described.

Attached to the right-hand end of thc screw there is a pulley, O, which is connected, by a gut hand, P, with a smaller pulley or drum, Q, at the hack of the machine, which drum is xed at the right-hand end of a spindle, R, extending nearly the 'whole length of the machine.

The spindle R carries another pulley, S, over wl which is brought over a pulley, l, attached to tl hand-Wheel, U. i The object of this arrangemen Figure 7, sheet 4, is 'For the purpose of adjust The object of this arrangeis so held as to he rigid except in a The screw M is caused to revolve, and, by acting upon the ds, according to the discretion of the operator, hy gea-ring, hereinrich, and under the guide-pulley et, e. gut band, L, passes, 1e front part of the machine, and, when used, is turned by a t of hands and pulley, of which I have shown a diagram at ing thc Werl; to the cutter bye quick motion of the screw lV'.

At thc left-hand end of the spindle R, and attached thereto, is a circular plate V, igs. 2 and 3, from the outer side 'or face of which project circles of cogs or teeth, or pins, ci, the spindle R, upon which the plate V is fixed, being concentric to these circles. These ccgs, teeth, or pins, c, are acted upon by an endless screw, W, which is attached to thc top of a vertical spindle, X, at the lower end of which there is a two-groevcd drum or pulley, Y, fig. 2, which is made to revolve by a gut band, Z, passing round one or other of the two grooves in such pulley. One portion of this band Z passes direct from the' pulley Y over one of the grooves in` the guide- Ypulley d', thence under th-e pulley e, contained in a weight, f, to attain an equal tension of the said gut band- It then passes up over the guide-pulley g, along the back of the machine, near the right-hand end of which there are two grooved4 guide-pulleys, z., over which beth parts of the bands pass, the one downwards, and the other upwards, and under the guide-pulleys z'z', at the lbase ofthe machine. From these pulleys z'z'it passes up to and over a. long conical drum, 7c, grooved or roughened annularly from end to end, which revolves on centres screwed into a frame attached to the under side of' the main table, B, ot' the machine. The saidscrew W is made tovgcar/into any of the said circles of teeth or pins', c, in the dat circular plate V, or to take a position between thecircles of such teeth, and thus releaseV them, by a weighted lever or bar, Z, being connected to the frame m, which holds the spindle X, carrying the screw Wand the two-grooved drum or pulley Y, such bar being provided witlrnotches, as shown, which take into a catch or projection in front of the machine, the locking ofi.

a particular notch determining the position of the screw W.

The gut band Z is madeA to take any vposition upon the .conical drum 7:, by being held between two small revolving guide-rollers, n, which are attached to a flat bar, o, made to move to and fro longitudinally, in front of the long conical drum, through suitable guides y) p, by a gut band, g, being attached to each end of it, passing once or twice round a pulley 01' drum, 1*, upon which one end of the bar o rests. Another gut band, s, passes over another and larger portion ot' the same pulley or drum, r, and under another pulley, t, at the bascotl the machine, which is carried by a spindle, u, to which is also attached a notched or roughened wheel, v, such wheel being turned to the right or left by the foot of' the opera-tor, who thus adjusts to the required posi-tion the said gut band Z, on the long conical'drurn c, according to the desired speed of'rovtation of the two chucks I and I',

which, respectively, hold the worli and the pattern.

The 'position of the gut band Z on the conical drum c is shown by an indicator, w, attached by a thin gutv or cord, x, to theright-hand end of' the'flat bar o, which is conducted by the guide-pulleys, at y, over an overhead pulley, c, at the back of the machine, and has a weight or drop, 1, attached to its lower end.

The conical drum 7c is connected by a crossed gut or band, 2, passing over a deep groove, 3, formed at the lefthand or larger end of the drum k, with another drum or grooved pulley, 4, carried by the crank-shaft 5,

' whichturns on centres in the main standards, A, ot' the machine. The crankshaft is driven by a foot-t readlc,

6, in the usual way, or by a band and pulley, or otherwise.

The operation of this part of the machine is as follows: Circular motion being given, by the foot or other power, to the shaft 5, the pulley 4, attached to it, is caused to revolve, which, having a gut band, 2, round it, and round the deep groove, 3, of the long conical drum 7c, the same is also caused to revolve, and, having another gut band, Z, over it, transmits motion to the pulley or two-gr'ooved drum Y, at the base ofthe spindle X, carrying the worm ord endless screw, W, at the top. This latter, by gearing with the teeth or pins c, projecting vfrom the dat plate V, fast on the spindle R, at the back of the machine, causes the same to revolve, and, consequently,

Adrives the'druin Q. -The drum' Q, is connected by the gut band P with the pulley o, on the rightdiand end of theA long screw M, and transmits motion to such screiv, which, being geared with the worm-wheels L L', attached tothe mandrel in the heads D and D', causes the same to revolve and impart a circular motion to the chucks, I I', for holding the die or substance to be worked-upon, and the pattern, respectively.

The upper part of the band or gut, P, passes direct across the end of the machine, from the upper surface ofthe pulley Q, over the guide-pulley 7, which islcarried in an adjustable bracket, 8, connected to the table7 B, ofthe machine. From the under side of the pulley 7, the gut P passes round the guide-pulley 9, (see figs. 4 and 7,) and over the pulley o, whence it passes round the second groove in the pulley 9, and returns to the pulley Q, Von the under side thereof. A

To thc"lcfth'and end of the main table ot' the machine, and joining the bed, a strong support, 10, is attached, to the top of which, (suspended by horizontal centres 11,) is a head,"12,to which is attac-lied, by vertical centres 13, (see iig. 1,-) screwed through the same, another head, 14, the two together forming'fa universal joint. To'

thisvjoint are bolted two ilat parallel bars, 175, disposed, one on each side ofthe heu'dfdlil, which bars extend towards the right-hand end of the machine, where a handle, 16, yis provided, by which thefopcrator guides the tracer and cutting-tools, as hereinafter described. These parallel bars extend over the ltwo tables H and H', andv chucks I and I', and at their righthand ends-they are bolted to the opposite sides of the bracket or frame 17, shown in detail elevation and plan at Figures 8 and 9. This frame, 17, should be so situated as to be capable of passing over the centre of the right-hand mandrel, G', which turns in the fixed head D', and it carries a verf tical adjustable cylindrical spindle, 18, at the lower end ot which a nose, 19, is screwed, to which tracers, 20, of

various sizes and shapes, are also screwed. The upper portion of this rod is screwed, and it is raised, lowered,

and xed by back and 'front set-nuts 21.

21 is a spring, which tends always to keep the spindle 18 and th'c steel bush, attached to the lower nut, 21,-tl1roughvwhich the spindle is screwed, jammed in an upward direction. It is also provided with a longitudinal slot, into which a guide is forced by a spring, 22, for the purpose o f guiding the same and preventing the spindle from turning when being adjusted.D

A small indicator or linger, 23, centred to the frame 17, and resting upon nuts 24, carried by the spindle 18, which carries the tracer-point, serres to indicate the length or amount of wear taking place in thecuttingtool hereinafter referred to. ,Another frame, 25, carrying the cutting-tool 26, is also attached to the two parallel bars 15, before referred to, which can be moved along` the same to any required position. This is effected by a pinion, 27, carried by the said frame, and gearing into a rack, 28, extending along and contained between the parallel bars 15.

The varying weight or strain on the bars 15, according to the position of the movable frame thereon, is

compensated by means of a tension-rod, 29, attached to such bars, and connected by a bellcran'k, 30, and gut 31, with an adjustable spring, 32, attached to the lower portion of the left-hand standard, A, of the machine.

The bars 15 are kept elevated, when the machine is out of action, by a pin passed through the bell-crank 30, and into one or other of a series of holes made in a curved bracket, as shown clearly in iig. 1. They are also locked or prevented, when out of action, from swinging laterally, by apin passing through an armjcinted tothe bell-crank 30, and entering a hole in the head 14, to which the bars are attached.

When commencing a piece of work, a strong mandrel, 33, (see detail, Figure 10,) is placed in the movable frame 25, in a vertical position, being held by a.collar, 34, below, and a centre-screw, 35, above. To a holder, 36, screwed into the lower end of this mandrel, there. is screwed a rose-cutter, 26, shown in enlarged detail `at Figure 11, butwhen the'nal operations have to be performed, the said mandrel, 33, is removed, and a lighter one, 37, shown in detail elevations at Figure 12, in transverse section at Figure13, and in plan of the under side at Figure 14,* is substituted, carrying differently-formed cutters, hereinafter described. In this case, a

temporary collar, 38, is tobe added,which is firmly held down by a.- lever, 39, acted upon by a screw, 40|, both of which are contained within the movable frame 25.

The end of the lever 39 is provided with an inclined projection, which engages with a V-notch in the tem porary collar, 38, (shown in iig. 13,) by the action of the screw 40, thus holding the collar or loose bush in its place. These mandrels are driven from the large wheel 41 fast on the crank-shaft 5, by a thin gut or band,

42. This gut passes round a sheave on the mandrel, and thence round one of the guide-pulleys, 43, carried by the frame 25; it then returns round the opposite sido of the sheave on the mandrel, and round the second of the two guideLpulley-s 43, whence it returns to the sheave on the mandrel, and both parts of the gut then Vpass over the horizontal and vertical guide-pulleys at 44, and thence round the large wheel 41. The proper amount of tension of the gut is maintained by passing it round a pulley, 45, carried tothe end of light adjustable arm, 46. This arm is situate in front of the large wheel 41, and is attached to a pulley, 47, and made to increase or diminish the tensionof the gutband 42, bythe action of a spiral spring, 4,8, in connection with such pulley, and withV a drum, 49, and hand-wheel 50, provided with holes for locking on to a catch, 51.

I shall now proceed to describe the mode of and means for ascertaining the correct length of cutter with relation to the tracer.

At the back ofthe right-handend of the. machine, and attached to a curved slotted bracket, 52, level with and fixed to the side ofthe main table B, there is lit-ted a horizrontally-adjustable vertical socket, 53, (see detail, Figure 15, sheet 5,) carrying a vertically-adjustable spindle, 54,*ixed by a lateral set-screw, 55. On the top of this spindle there is provided a. horizontal smooth surface, 56, the position of which only is shown in fig. 2, so situate that the tracer-point 20 can be readily brought over and made to rest upon the centre of such smooth surface. The rod erstem of the tracer is pressed against a guide-bar, 57, in order to insure the placing ofthe point of the tracer on the same spot at each separate adjustment, that is to say, each time the cutter has been removed for sharpening, or for changing for another form of cutter. This smooth surface consists of a hard ened piece of steel, which is let into the top of the adjustable spindle 54, and projects slightly above it, as shown'in dotted lines in g. 15, a set-screw, 56X, serving to hold it in its place. Another movable socket, 58, is made adjustable along the slotted plate 59, which is bolted to the maintable of the machine, the position of such socket being indicated by dotted'lines only in iig. 2.

At Figures 17 and 18 l have represented an enlarged detail sectional elevation and plan of this socket, with the parts connected therewith. 'Within this socket there is fitted the stem of a vertically-adjustable table, 60, carrying an overhanging plate, 60X, which may be roughly adjusted to any desired height by the vertical adjusting-screw 61, and xed in positionby the pinching-screw 62. To the front edge of the plate 60X, and at the left-hand corner thereof, there is litt-ed, by means of the adjustingscrew 63, a plate, 64, shown on a. larger scale in the detail side elevation, Figure 19, to which plate, 64, is secured the end, 65, of a long exible arm or lindicator, 66, the free end, 67, of which should, in its adjusted position, be so nearly in contact with the surface ofthe plate 68, situatebeneath it, that the finest possible line of light can be seen between them. The object of the plate 64 is to enable the indicator to be' suspended in a central position between the plates 6GX and 68. The plate 68 is also attached to the plate 60X, and is capable of adjustment towards or from the under side of the plate 60X, by the screw 69. A powerful magnifier, 70, is attached to the plate 60X, and made adjustable in any desired position by the aid ofthe slotted plate 71 and joints 72, the object of this magnifier being to facilitate the observation of the exact position of the end of the indicator as regards the plate 63.

I shall new proceed to describe the mode of ascertaining the correct size ofv cutter in relation to the tracer. Behind the horizontal smooth surface 56, (see figs. 15 and 16,) there is a small A-shaped projection or ridge, 73, the position of which is indicated in hg. 2, attached to a sliding plate, 74, so arranged thatby placing the said tracer-point ou each side alternately of the ridge, and moving such ridge laterally a distance equal to the width of the ridge at its base or broadest part, and by turning the cutter, which is at the same time brought ou to a piece of wax or other suitable impressible material, 75, placed on the end of the plate 63X, at the back ofthe indicator 66, hollow dots will be produced in the wax, which dots, if perfectly round, and just touching one another at their circumference, and their depth being equal to halt` their diameter, will indica-te that the size of the cutter is correct in relation to the size of the tracer. An adjusting-screw, 69X, serves to elevate the wax surface until the point of the cutter `sinks to the proper depth therein.

y pletion.

.In using this machine, the operator first adjusts his work on the chuck I, and the enlarged copy of the medallion on the chuck I l He then adjusts the position oi' the movable frame 25 along the here 15, according to the amount of reduction required; the smaller the copy, the nearer will be the frame 25 to the left-hand end ofthe machine. IIe then adjusts the head D, with its chuck I, holding the work so as tc bring the centre of the mandrel, which carries the chuck, under the point et' the cutter. The height of the cutter 26 aud tracer-point 20 is now adjusted, so that a horizontal line', drawn through the centre, 11, shall just touch the points of the cutter and tracer respectively, the bars 15 being at the same time alsoin a horizontal position. rIlhe pattern is new raised by suitable adjusting-screws, until the medium depth or height just touches the point ofthe tracer, after which the work is similarly elevated until it comes in Contact with the point of the cutter, where it is fixed by screws or other means. The size of tracer is then selected, according to` the work to be produced, and the relative size of cutter, as regards the tracer, ascertained by the use ofthe wax surface, as hereinbefore described.

The machine is now ready For operation, butin order to insure the placing of the cutters subsequently employed at the saine height as the onev already adjusted, the bars 15 are movedlaterally, so as to bring the tracer-point up o n the smooth surface 56, which movement will bring the point of the cutter over the indicator 65, carried by the vertically-adjustable plate 60X. This plate is then elevatedby the screw 6l, until the xed end of the indicator is brought nearly in contact with the point of the cutter. The ner adjusting-screw 61X is new brought into action, until the indicator comes into actual contact `with the cutter, the point of contact being shown by the red line in fig. 17.l The instant that contact takes place will be clearly shown by the dipping of the free end of thc'indicator, the adjustment being continued until only the faintest line et light can be observed between the end ofthe indicator and the surface ofthe plate 68.

As the cutter wears shorter, it is lowered, by screwing up the tracer-.spindle until the point of .the cutter delects the indicator 66 to the same amount as it did in the rst instance; the tracer-point resting, at the same time, upon the smooth surface 56. 'Ihe operator then draws the bars 15 forward, so as to bring the traccrpoint 20 over the medallion to be reduced, and the cutter over its work, andthe machine being started, a. rotatory motion will be conveyed to the cutter by the band or gut/2. The screw M transmits at the same time a rotatory motioirto the chucks I and I', and the operator then traverses the tracer and cutter, by hand, toand fro over the work and pattern, until the entire surface has been `roughened out by the aid of the rosecutter or roughening-tool, g. 11. He then inserts the smaller mandrel and temporary collar with the finer tool, l of the shape shown in Figure 20, andncontinnes the operation, using finer tools as the work approaches com- I In making the large rose-cutters, shown'by tig. 11 et' my drawings, a blank is first turned in a lathe, and the centre drilled out to rabout one-quarter the diameter of the cutter, and to a depth of about thrce-quarter5 the diameter of such cutter. A number of cuts or teeth are'then made in the end' of the cutter, as shown in the drawing, by a circular le or otherwise.

When making the smaller cutters, several views of which are shown in enlarged detail elevation and plan at fig. 2O of my drawings, I take a. piece of thin, hardened steel, and place it in a holder capable of being vscrewed into the smaller mandrel-oi` the engravingmachine beforeirei'erred to. I then bring one-end of the wire at the desired angle in contact with a stone, made te revolve, and cut a series of facets thereon, as shown at iig. 20. l y

When the tools have become too short for further adjustment in the engraving-machine, it becomes neces. sary to set them up or cause them to protrude rather more beyond their holding-nozzle I), and as this operation requires considerable n'icety of adjustment in order to insure the exact required amount of project-ion of the tool, I propose to employ for that purpose the adjusting-appznatus shown in side elevation, and partly in section, at Figure 21. This apparatus operates on precisely the same principle as the indicator G6 ofthe engraving-machine hereinbefcre referred to. It consists of a stand, A, provided with an internallv-screwed vertical bracket, 13, into the lower end of which is inserted the screw-plug a.

The tool-holder or nozzle (i, containing the tool to be adjusted, is screwed into the plug a, and a screwspindle, c, carrying a short length of steel wire, is screwed into the upper part or the bracket B. A conical recess is formed on the top of the plug a, t'o insure the entrance et' the'steelwire into the central aperture of the nozzle Z7, so as to direct such wire against the upper end of the cutter.

Beneath the peint of the cutter there is placed a long flexible indicator, C, which is centred at UZ to the l stand A, so'as to admit of it being moved to one side, te allow of the introduction and removal of the nozzle and tool. The free end of this indicator is pointed, and plays het .veen-two stops or points at e. v

The adjustment of 'the length of the tool is eected by screwing down the screwspindle c, which causes the steel wire attached thereto to force thc tool more or less out of the holding-nozzle b, so soon as the peint ofthe tool comes in Contact with the indicator C. Such 'contact is clearly indicated by thel dipping ofthe point of the indicator, which shows that the proper length of tool has been protruded beyond its holder.

1. The peculiar system or mode of an apparatus for ascertaining the correct length or depth of the cutter in relation to the tracer-point, substantially as hereinbeforc described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings. 1 j

2. The peculiar system or Amode of and apparatus for determining the correct size ol cutter to be used in relation to the size of the tracer-point, substantially as hcreinbefore described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.vv p

3. The employment, in this class of machinery, ofremovable mandrels, of different sizes, adapted to the various-sized cutters required, as hereinbeforc described,V and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

4. The employment, in this class of machinery, of an arm, Working on a. universal joint at one end, and actuated by hand at the opposite end, such arm carrying an adjustable frame, with cutter-mandrel and rotary cutter, and a lxed frame, with vertically-adjustable tracer, the whole being arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

5. The peculiar construction of rose-cutters, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings. l

6. The peculiar construction of finishing-cutter, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

In witness whereof, I have signed my name to this speciiication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. J. HILL.

Witnesses:

JOHN J. VIDLER, W. Gonron. 

